ANALISIS PENGARUH FASILITAS KITE, NILAI IMPOR, PDB, INFLASI, DAN NILAI TUKAR TERHADAP KINERJA EKSPOR

Harlan, Evan (2024) ANALISIS PENGARUH FASILITAS KITE, NILAI IMPOR, PDB, INFLASI, DAN NILAI TUKAR TERHADAP KINERJA EKSPOR. Skripsi thesis, Politeknik Keuangan Negara STAN.

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Abstract

Pentingnya peranan ekspor dalam perekonomian mendorong negara-negara untuk memberikan fasilitas promosi ekspor. Salah satu fasilitas promosi ekspor di Indonesia adalah fasilitas Kemudahan Impor Tujuan Ekspor (KITE). Penelitian ini dimaksudkan untuk mengisi research gap dimana penelitian terdahulu belum membedakan jenis fasilitas KITE, yakni KITE Pembebasan dan KITE Pengembalian. Penelitian ini berfokus pada fasilitas KITE Pengembalian karena mekanismenya yang tidak mewajibkan ekspor dirasa lebih relevan untuk diteliti pengaruhnya terhadap ekspor. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh fasilitas KITE, nilai impor, PDB, inflasi, dan nilai tukar terhadap kinerja ekspor perusahaan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan analisis regresi data panel menggunakan model Panel-Corrected Standard Errors (PCSE). Data yang digunakan adalah data sekunder pada 120 perusahaan dengan periode triwulan pertama 2018 sampai triwulan kedua tahun 2023. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh signifikan dari variabel-variabel independen terhadap variabel dependen secara simultan. Secara parsial, fasilitas KITE, nilai impor dan PDB masing-masing berpengaruh positif terhadap nilai ekspor. Sementara inflasi dan nilai tukar tidak berpengaruh secara parsial terhadap nilai ekspor. Disarankan agar pemerintah meneruskan dan mengembangkan fasilitas KITE, melanjutkan pembangunan dan pemerataan infrastruktur untuk efisiensi biaya logistik, serta menyusun kebijakan fiskal dan moneter yang terintegrasi dalam upaya peningkatan ekspor. The important role of exports in the economy encourages countries to provide export promotion facilities. One of the export promotion facilities in Indonesia is the Import for Export Purpose Facility (KITE). This study is intended to fill the research gap where previous studies have not differentiated the types of KITE, Exemption Scheme KITE and Returns Scheme KITE. This study focuses on the Returns Scheme KITE facility because its mechanism that does not oblige export is considered more relevant to examine its effect on exports. This study aims to analyze the effect of KITE facility, import value, GDP, inflation, and exchange rates on the company's export performance. This study uses a quantitative approach with panel data regression analysis using the Panel-Corrected Standard Errors (PCSE) model. The data used is secondary data on 120 companies with a period of the first quarter of 2018 to the second quarter of 2023. The results showed that simultaneously, there was a significant effect of the independent variables on the dependent variable. Meanwhile partially, KITE facilities, import value and GDP each have a positive effect on exports value. While inflation and exchange rates have no partial effect on the value of exports. It is recommended that the government continue and develop KITE facilities, continue the development and distribution of infrastructure for logistics cost efficiency, and formulate integrated fiscal and monetary policies in an effort to increase exports

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