Juwita, Syerlin (2025) ANALISIS POTENTIAL LOSS PAJAK PENGHASILAN ATAS PENGALIHAN HAK ATAS TANAH DAN/ATAU BANGUNAN (PPHTB): KAJIAN EMPIRIS PERBANDINGAN NILAI PASAR DENGAN NILAI TRANSAKSI YANG DILAPORKAN WAJIB PAJAK. Skripsi thesis, Politeknik Keuangan Negara STAN.
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Abstract
ABSTRAK Pajak Penghasilan atas Pengalihan Hak atas Tanah dan/atau Bangunan (PPhTB) memiliki peran strategis dalam penerimaan negara, namun optimalisasi penerimaannya masih menghadapi tantangan. Salah satu permasalahan utama adalah ketidaksesuaian antara nilai transaksi yang dilaporkan Wajib Pajak dengan nilai pasar sebenarnya, yang berpotensi menyebabkan kehilangan penerimaan pajak atau potential loss. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis besarnya potential loss dalam penerimaan PPhTB di Kabupaten Bungo dengan membandingkan nilai pasar yang diperoleh melalui pendekatan penilaian dengan data transaksi yang dilaporkan Wajib Pajak. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif deskriptif simulasi dengan melakukan penilaian individual berbasis pendekatan data pasar terhadap 42 sampel objek pajak. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata nilai pasar tanah di Kabupaten Bungo adalah Rp679.847/m², dengan rentang antara Rp312.778/m² hingga Rp1.137.310/m². Sementara itu, rata-rata nilai transaksi yang dilaporkan hanya sebesar Rp223.553/m². Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa nilai transaksi yang dilaporkan oleh Wajib Pajak di Kabupaten Bungo rata-rata hanya mencapai 32,9% dari nilai pasar yang sebenarnya. Perbedaan ini mencerminkan kesenjangan yang signifikan dalam dasar pengenaan pajak. Nilai Assessment Sales Ratio (ASR) yang diperoleh sebesar 38%, jauh lebih rendah dari standar 90%-100% yang ditetapkan oleh International Association of Assessing Officers (IAAO). Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa pengenaan pajak mengalami under assessment, di mana nilai transaksi yang dilaporkan masih jauh di bawah nilai pasar sebenarnya. Estimasi potential loss penerimaan PPhTB di Kabupaten Bungo berada dalam rentang Rp1,41 miliar hingga Rp5,49 miliar, dan jika skala estimasi diperluas ke tingkat Provinsi Jambi, nilai tersebut meningkat hingga Rp52,19 miliar. Ketidaksesuaian antara nilai transaksi yang dilaporkan dengan nilai pasar disebabkan oleh beberapa faktor, antara lain rendahnya pemahaman Wajib Pajak, kurangnya kesadaran, penghindaran pajak, serta keterbatasan pengawasan dari otoritas pajak. Implikasi dari penelitian ini menekankan perlunya strategi optimalisasi penerimaan PPhTB melalui penguatan pengawasan, peningkatan edukasi perpajakan, serta reformulasi kebijakan perpajakan untuk memastikan akurasi dalam pelaporan nilai transaksi. Dengan langkah-langkah tersebut, diharapkan penerimaan PPhTB dapat lebih transparan, adil, dan optimal dalam mendukung kesinambungan fiskal. Kata Kunci: PPhTB, Potential Loss, Assessment Sales Ratio (ASR), Nilai Pasar ABSTRACT Income Tax on Transfer of Rights on Land and/or Building (PPhTB) has a strategic role in state revenue, but its revenue optimization still faces challenges. One of the main problems is the mismatch between the transaction value reported by the taxpayer and the actual market value, which has the potential to cause a loss of tax revenue or potential loss. This study aims to analyze the amount of potential loss in income tax revenue in Bungo Regency by comparing the market value xii obtained through the valuation approach with the transaction data reported by taxpayers. This research uses a simulated descriptive quantitative method by conducting an individual assessment based on a market data approach to 42 samples of tax objects. The results show that the average market value of land in Bungo Regency is Rp679,847/m², with a range between Rp312,778/m² to Rp1,137,310/m². Meanwhile, the average reported transaction value was only Rp223,553/m². This shows that the transaction value reported by taxpayers in Bungo Regency on average only reached 32.9% of the actual market value. This difference reflects a significant gap in the tax base. The Assessment Sales Ratio (ASR) value obtained was 38%, much lower than the 90%-100% standard set by the International Association of Assessing Officers (IAAO). This indicates that the tax imposition is under-assessed, where the reported transaction value is still far below the actual market value. The estimated potential loss of PPhTB revenue in Bungo Regency is in the range of Rp1.41 billion to Rp5.49 billion, and if the estimation scale is expanded to the Jambi Province level, the value increases to Rp52.19 billion. The mismatch between reported transaction values and market values is caused by several factors, including low taxpayer understanding, lack of awareness, tax evasion, and limited supervision from tax authorities. The implications of this study emphasize the need for a strategy to optimize income tax revenue through strengthening supervision, increasing tax education, and reformulating tax policies to ensure accuracy in reporting transaction values. With these steps, it is expected that income
| Item Type: | Thesis (Skripsi) |
|---|---|
| Subjects: | PKN STAN Subject Area > Metodologi Penilaian Properti |
| Divisions: | 61307 Diploma IV Manajemen Aset Publik |
| Depositing User: | Perpustakaan PKN STAN |
| Date Deposited: | 27 Oct 2025 07:13 |
| Last Modified: | 27 Oct 2025 07:13 |
| URI: | http://eprints.pknstan.ac.id/id/eprint/2959 |
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